Disaster preparedness is important for all animals, but it is particularly important for livestock because of the size of the animals and the requirements needed to transport them and shelter them. Livestock owners should follow the local construction regulations when building their barns and other buildings. These regulations vary from area to area, depending on the type of disaster prevalent in the region. Immediately following a disaster:

• Stranded animals should be rescued and taken to safer places. If the stranded place is considered safe for the next week or so, the animals may be left there but should be provided with feed, fodder and drinking water. Arrangements should be made so that veterinary and paraveterinary personnel can quickly reach all affected animals to perform treatment, vaccination and deworming. Officials and other personnel engaged in relief work should also gather intelligence on the extent and nature of the damage to individual farms and villages so that appropriate relief measures can be implemented.
• Farmers affected by hurricane Katrina should contact local and federal offices for guidance. Some agencies to call are FEMA, Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry, American Red Cross, Army Corps of Engineers and others.

Maintaining Livestock Health After a Flood:

ISSUES OF DISEASE CONTROL AND SANITATION

If your fields or farm buildings have been flooded, take special precautions against flood-related accidents or diseases in poultry and livestock. Give animals extra care, particularly if they have been stranded by floodwater, and have been off regular feeding schedules. Keep fields clear of harmful debris, and clean buildings as soon as possible. In addition, watch for signs of flood-related diseases, such as lameness, fever, difficulty breathing, muscle contractions or swelling of shoulder, chest, back, neck or throat. Be prepared to contact a veterinarian if you spot trouble.

DISEASE CONTROL

Following a flood there may be danger of infectious diseases in livestock, but unless serious outbreaks of infection have occurred recently, the situation should not be alarming. Observe these precautions:

• Where large numbers of animals are assembled, watch for any indication of infectious diseases such as pneumonia, foot rot or leptospirosis. These diseases are more likely to occur where cattle are crowded on wet ground and where horn flies and houseflies are abundant.
• Promptly report any sign of disease to a local, state or federal veterinarian.
• Contact a veterinarian about vaccinating animals for immunity from flood-related diseases such as anthrax, blackleg and swine erysipelas

FEED AND WATER

• Provide clean, uncontaminated water.
• Inspect feeds such as corn, wheat and hay. Do not feed flood-damaged or moldy hay unless it has been tested for mycotoxins, toxic substances produced by fungi.
• Do not use any feed or forage that may have been contaminated by chemicals or pesticides

PASTURELAND

• Standing water may have ruined some pastures. Lack of adequate forage could force animals to eat poisonous plants. Remove fallen wild cherry limbs from pastures to prevent livestock poisoning.
• Before restocking flooded pastures, remove debris, especially along fence lines and in corners. Livestock could be injured from pieces of barbed wire, sharp metal and trash.

SANITATION

• Clean out hog houses, barns and chicken houses. Spray buildings with a good disinfectant before animals occupy them again. Air buildings thoroughly to dry them out.
• Remove debris from dairy barns. Scrub and disinfect walls, ceilings, floors, stanchions and other equipment.
• Scrub the milk house and equipment with detergent and hot water. Sanitize equipment, walls, ceilings and floors with dairy sanitizer equipment.
• Dispose of animal carcasses promptly. If there is no rendering company operating nearby, burn or bury carcasses deeply in a place approved by your local soil conservation office.

INSECTS

• Mosquitoes and other pests may be abundant after a flood. They not only annoy animals, but some species carry disease. Spray animals with an insect repellent as recommended by your county agricultural agent.

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For more information, contact your Southern University Ag Center parish agent or your local veterinarian.

Source: University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension