Agricultural profitability is of paramount importance to the state of Louisiana because the economy remains heavily dependent on income from
farm production and agricultural processing enterprises. Wide variation exists in the profitability and management expertise of farm and agribusiness
firms, particularly small farms and small agribusiness firms. Louisiana has a diverse agricultural economy and requires a dynamic research
program to deal with crops, livestock, and natural resource issues. The average farm size in the state is 306 acres. However, farms vary in
size from large commercial operations to small scale production. The latter is faced with the greatest challenge of generating sufficient
income to provide a family living. Of the 27,000 farms in the state in 2002, slightly more than 60 percent of them reported sales below $20,000
annually. By definition, these farms are classified as small farms. Critical agricultural issues characterizing small farms are: 1) limited
operating capital; and 2) lack of adequate technical expertise, including management and access to competitive markets.
Currently, research in animal production systems places great emphasis on addressing agricultural issues of small-scale producers. Many small
producers in the state of Louisiana raise beef cattle and swine for the market and maintain some poultry for home consumption. A growing number
of small-scale producers are beginning to rear rabbits and goats as alternative sources of both food and income. As this trend continues, research
information is needed on production practices, market alternatives, and nutritional values of these enterprises. Also, small-scale producers in the
state who are shifting from agronomic crops to horticultural crop production need similar research information as have been highlighted among the
critical issues identified by stakeholders.
Economic opportunities exist for small-scale agricultural producers who adopt alternative livestock and crop enterprises such as goats, rabbits,
vegetables, and fruits and herbs to name a few. Thus, the overall goal of the plant and animal production systems research program is to generate
empirical information for enhancing economic opportunity and quality of life among small-agricultural producers in the state of Louisiana.
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